Синрифтовые осадочные образования основания эталонного разреза рифея Южного Урала (краткая литохимическая характеристика)

Andrey V. Maslov; Emir Z. Gareev; Viktor N. Podkovyrov; Ludmila N. Kotova

doi:10.21638/11701/spbu07.2018.103

Authors

Andrey V. Maslov Institute of Geology and Geochemistry, Urals Branch of RAS, 15, Vonsovsky ul., Yekaterinburg, 620016, Russian Federation https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4902-5789
Emir Z. Gareev Institute of Geology, Ufa Federal Research Centre of RAS, 16/2, Karl Marx ul., Ufa, 450077, Russian Federation
Viktor N. Podkovyrov Institute of Precambrian geology and geochronology RAS, 2 Makarova Emb., St. Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4267-6693
Ludmila N. Kotova Institute of Precambrian geology and geochronology RAS, 2 Makarova Emb., St. Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21638/11701/spbu07.2018.103

Abstract

The study of the bulk chemical composition of the sandstones of the Ai Formation of the Burzyan Group of the Southern Urals (the stratotype of the Lower Riphean of Northern Eurasia) led to the conclusion that they contain products of destruction of both the crystalline basement rocks of the East European Platform and the sedimentary/metasedimentary rocks of its platform protocover. In the composition of sandstones and associated clay rocks, there appears to be a noticeable portion of lithogenous (repeatedly redeposited) material. Clay rocks of the Ai Formation do not contain the so-called “camouflaged pyroclastics”, and, consequently, the processes of their accumulation were not accompanied by erosion of volcanic rock or synchronous explosive activity. As a whole, low values of the chemical index of alteration (CIA) are inherent for fine-grained terrigenous formations. This makes it possible to assume their formation under conditions of relatively pronounced tectonic activity in catchment areas, possibly minimized by the effects of chemical weathering processes. A comparison of the bulk chemical compositions of the terrigenous rocks of the Ai Formation with the composition of the average Proterozoic craton sandstone, PAAS and a number of other reference geological objects has shown that they are characterized by fairly wide variations in the content of the main rock-forming oxides (significant chemical immaturity of the composition), which can also be regarded as a reflection of their accumulation in sufficiently active tectonic environments. Analysis of the bulk chemical composition of sandstones and clay rocks of the Ai Formation suggests that the sources of the clastic material were as acid magmatic rocks as sedimentary and/or metasedimentary rocks with an increased amount of quartz; this is consistent with the results of previous mineralogical-petrographic studies. The position of the individual data points of sandstones and clay rocks of the Ai Formation on the DF1–DF2 diagram (Verma and Armstrong-Altrin, 2013) does not allow us to draw a definite conclusion about their paleogeodynamic nature, since one part of the points is located in the field that is characteristic for sedimentary rocks of riftogenic environments, and the other lies in the field typical for collision environments. More specifically, in favor of the riftogenic/synrift nature of the terrigenous rocks of the Ai Formation, the distribution of the data points of their average compositions on the DF1—DF2 diagram is evidence.

Keywords:

Southern Urals, Lower Riphean, Ai Formation, sandstones, clay rocks, lithochemistry

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References

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Maslov, A. V., Gareev, E. Z., 1994. Osnovnye cherty petrokhimicheskoi evoliutsii peschanikov stratotipicheskogo razreza rifeia na Iuzhnom Urale [Main features of sandstone petrochemical evolution in Riphean stratotypical cross-section on Southern Urals]. Litologiia i poleznye iskopaemye [Lithology and mineral resources] 4, 119–127. (In Russian)

Maslov, A. V., Gareev, E. Z., Kotova, L. N., Podkovyrov, V. N., 2018. Litokhimicheskie osobennosti peschanikov mashakskoi svity (srednii rifei, Iuzhnyi Ural) [Lithochemical features of Mashak Formation sandstones, Southern Urals]. Problemy mineralogii, petrografii i metallogenii [Problems of mineralogy, petrography and metallogeny] 21, 153–161. (In Russian)

Maslov, A. V., Gareev, E. Z., Krupenin, M. T., Ronkin, Iu. L., 2007. Litogeokhimicheskie osobennosti glinistykh slantsev i argillitov verkhnego rifeia Bashkirskogo megantiklinoriia v koordinatakh real’nogo vremeni [Lithogeochemical features of Upper Riphean shales and argillites of the Bashkirian meganticlinorium in real-time coordinates]. Litosfera [Lithosphere] 5, 38–67. (In Russian)

Maslov, A. V., Gareev, E. Z., Podkovyrov, V. N., Graunov, O. V., 2016a. Paleoclimate changes in the Late Precambrian: Evidence from the Upper Precambrian section of the South Urals. Lithology and Mineral Resources 51(2), 117–135.

Maslov, A. V., Krupenin, M. T., Gareev, E. Z., 2003a. Litologicheskie, litokhimicheskie i geokhimicheskie indikatory paleoklimata (na primere rifeia Iuzhnogo Urala) [Lithological, Lithochemical, and Geochemical Indicators of Paleoclimate: Evidence from Riphean of the Southern Urals]. Litologiia i poleznye iskopaemye [Lithology and mineral resources] 5, 427–446. (In Russian)