Long-term variability of surface manifestations of eddies in the Kara Sea
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu07.2024.208Abstract
The paper provides a quantitative assessment of the long-term variability of small eddies structures in the Kara Sea based on the analysis of Sentinel-1A/B satellite radar images from August 2015 to 2021. To compare the variability of the characteristics in different years, data on wind speed, ice area, and mixed layer thickness were used. During the specified period, 6340 surface manifestations of vortices were identified, with an average diameter of 2.9 km, predominantly cyclonic in rotation. The lowest number of surface manifestations was recorded in 2016 — 468 eddies, while the highest was in 2021 — 1247 eddies. It was found that the main areas of occurrence of manifestations are located in the southwest and central parts of the Kara Sea above the depths west and northwest of the Yamal Peninsula, as well as in the regions of the frontal drainage zone and the surface freshwater layer near the mouths of the Ob and Yenisei rivers. A significant prevalence of cyclonic eddies over anticyclonic ones is observed throughout the years, with their mean diameter ranging from 2.3 km in 2017 to 3.7 km in 2021. The variability in the number of registered eddies is presumably related to the influence of the intensity of wind stress in the atmospheric boundary layer on the sea surface. A significant portion of small eddies is registered at wind speeds of 5 m/s in the developed mixed layer with a thickness of more than 10 meters. It is shown that the most likely cause of eddy generation is the interaction of tides with the topographic irregularities of the seabed and baroclinic instability observed in the River Plume frontal zone.
Keywords:
eddies, synthetic aperture radar, submesoscale, wind, tides, River Plume frontal zone, Kara Sea
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