Obtaining artificial analogs of Zhamanshin impact glasses by high-temperature melting
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu07.2024.207Abstract
Establishing the genesis of coptogenic rocks and their evolution over geological time is of great importance for constructing scenarios of impact events and studying petrophysical properties of rocks in general. In spite of the fact that the Zhamanshin astrobleme (Kazakhstan) has been studied for 85 years, there are still many unsolved issues, including those in the field of modeling this impact event. Artificial analogs of impact glasses, various types of which are widespread in Zhamanshin, could reproduce the most characteristic features of natural objects in terms of their composition and morphology. By obtaining model samples from furnace charges of different composition, it is possible to project their characteristics on impactites by varying the cooling conditions that determine the processes of glass transition and crystallization. In this study, artificial analogs of impact glasses of the Zhamanshin astrobleme were obtained by melting the rocks of the astrobleme target. A gas-flame high-temperature furnace was used. The initial charge for melting was prepared in such a way as to obtain a complete melt in a sufficiently large sample volume (comparable with the volumes of some types of natural impactites of Zhamanshin — zhamanshinites and irghizites). The chemical and structural-phase composition of the artificial glasses was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray spectral fluorescence (XRF) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray spectral microanalysis (XRMA). Differential scanning calorimetry was carried out to determine the phase transitions and chemical transformations of the source rocks under temperature changes. The chemical and structural-phase composition of the obtained glasses was compared with the characteristics of the Zhamanshin impactites and glasses of other genesis. The artificial glasses are identical to the Zhamanshin impactites. The proposed technique of obtaining analogs of impact glasses has shown its validity.
Keywords:
Zhamanshin astroblem, artificial analogs of impactites, glass, high-temperature melting
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